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Research

J. Mark Cline, D.V.M., Ph.D.

Professor, Pathology-Comparative Medicine
Translational Science Institute
Comprehensive Cancer Center
Center for Biomolecular Imaging
Hypertension and Vascular Research Center
Women's Health Center of Excellence for Research, Leadership, Education
WFU Primate Center
Center for Integrative Medicine
Translational Science Institute

Contact Information

Academic: 336-716-1564 | Department: 336-716-1564

Email: jmcline@wakehealth.edu

Media Medical Expert »

Education & Training

Ph.D., North Carolina State University , 1992
B.S., North Carolina State University , 1982
D.V.M., North Carolina State University , 1986
Internship, Pathology - Anatomic, New York State College Veternary Medicine, 1987
Residency, Pathology - Anatomic, New York State College Veternary Medicine, 1988

Memberships

Am Assn Of Cancer Research
Radiation Research Society
Soc for Toxicologic Pathology
Veterinary Cancer Society
Am Coll Of Veterinary Patholog
Am Veterinary Medical Assn
DVM Foun Adv of Vet & Com Path

J. Mark Cline, D.V.M., Ph.D.

Professor, Pathology-Comparative Medicine Translational Science Institute
Comprehensive Cancer Center
Center for Biomolecular Imaging
Hypertension and Vascular Research Center
Women's Health Center of Excellence for Research, Leadership, Education
WFU Primate Center
Center for Integrative Medicine
Translational Science Institute

Research Interests

diabetes, drugs/therapeutic agents pharm, infectious diseases

Contact Information

Academic: 336-716-1564 | Department: 336-716-1564

Email: jmcline@wakehealth.edu

Media Medical Expert »

Recent Publications

Ethun KF, Wood CE, Register TC, Cline JM, Appt SE, Clarkson TB. Effects of bazedoxifene acetate with and without conjugated equine estrogens on the breast of postmenopausal monkeys. Menopause. 2013;19(11):1242-1252.

Wood CE, Boue SM, Collins-Burow BM, Rhodes LV, Register TC, Cline JM, Dewi FN, Burow ME. Glyceollin-elicited soy protein consumption induces distinct transcriptional effects as compared to standard soy protein. J Agric Food Chem. 2012;60(1):81-86.

Feneran AN, O'Donnell R, Press A, Yosipovitch G, Cline M, Dugan G, Papoiu A, Nattkemper L, Chan Y, Shively CA. Monkey see, monkey do: contagious itch in nonhuman primates [abstract]. J Invest Dermatol. 2012;132(Suppl 1):S39.

Hulchiy M, Zhang H, Cline JM, Hirschberg AL, Sahlin L. Effects of long-term tibolone treatment on nuclear sex steroid hormone receptors and G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 expression in the macaque uterus. Menopause. 2012;19(3):332-338.

Wu M, Shi L, Cimic A, Romero L, Sui G, Lees CJ, Cline JM, Seals DF, Sirintrapun JS, McCoy TP, Liu W, Kim JW, Hawkins GA, Peehl DM, Xu J, Cramer SD. Suppression of Tak1 promotes prostate tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. 2012;72(11):2833-2843.

Cline JM, Brignolo L, Ford EW.Urogenital system

Clafshenkel WP, King TL, Kotlarczyk MP, Cline JM, Foster WG, Davis VL, Witt-Enderby PA. Morinda citrifolia (noni) juice augments mammary gland differentiation and reduces mammary tumor growth in mice expressing the unactivated c-erbB2 transgene. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012():487423.

Stute P, Sielker S, Wood CE, Register TC, Lees CJ, Dewi FN, Williams JK, Wagner JD, Stefenelli U, Cline JM. Life stage differences in mammary gland gene expression profile in non-human primates. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;133(2):617-634.

Schnatz PF, Nudy M, O'Sullivan DM, Jiang X, Cline JM, Kaplan JR, Clarkson TB, Appt SE. Coronary artery vitamin D receptor expression and plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D: their association with atherosclerosis. Menopause. 2012;19(9):967-973.

Dewi FN, Wood CE, Lampe JW, Hullar MAJ, Franke AA, Golden DL, Adams MR, Cline JM. Endogenous and exogenous equol are antiestrogenic in reproductive tissues of apolipoprotein E-null mice. J Nutr. 2012;142(10):1829-1835.

Johnson NA, Ho A, Cline JM, Hughes CL, Foster WG, Davis VL. Accelerated mammary tumor onset in a HER2/Neum mouse model exposed to DDT metabolites locally delivered to the mammary gland. Environ Health Perspect. 2012;120(8):1170-1176.

Hulchiy M, Zhang H, Cline JM, Hirschberg AL, Sahlin L. Receptors for thyrotropin-releasing hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and thyroid hormones in the macaque uterus: effects of long-term sex hormone treatment. Menopause. 2012;19(11):1253-1259.

Schnatz PF, Nudy M, O'Sullivan DM, Jiang X, Cline JM, Kaplan JR, Clarkson TB, Appt SE. The quantification of vitamin D receptors in coronary arteries and their association with atherosclerosis. Maturitas. 2012;73(2):143-147.

Robbins ME, Bourland JD, Cline JM, Wheeler KT, Deadwyler SA. A model for assessing cognitive impairment after fractionated whole-brain irradiation in nonhuman primates. Radiat Res. 2011;175(4):519-525.

Wood CE, Tannehill-Gregg SH, Chen Z, van Doorslaer K, Nelson DR, Cline JM, Burk RD. Novel betapapillomavirus associated with hand and foot papillomas in a cynomolgus macaque. Vet Pathol. 2011;48(3):731-736.

Willard SL, Daunais JB, Cline JM, Shively CA. Hippocampal volume in postmenopausal cynomolgus macaques with behavioral depression. Menopause. 2011;18(5):582-586.

Clarkson TB, Utian WH, Allmen TI, Aso T, Barnes S, Basaria SS, Brinton RD,. The role of soy isoflavones in menopausal health: report of The North American Menopause Society/Wulf H. Utian Translational Science Symposium in Chicago, IL (October 2010). Menopause. 2011;18(7):732-753.

Zhang H, von Schoultz B, Cline JM, Sahlin L. Distribution of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 in the uterus and breast of cynomolgus monkeys--effects of hormone treatment. Menopause. 2011;18(9):1001-1009.

Hill GD, Moore AB, Kissling GE, Flagler ND, Ney E, Cline JM, Dixon D. Effects of hormonally active agents on steroid hormone receptor expression and cell proliferation in the myometrium of ovariectomized macaques. Toxicol Pathol. 2011;39(3):508-515.

Cheng CP, Cheng H-J, Zhou P, Masutani S, Callahan MF, Cline JM, Little WC. Is beta3-adrenoceptor (AR) a target for heart failure therapy? Evidence from beta3-AR knockout mice [abstract]. Circulation. 2011;124(21 Suppl):A12986.

Ethun KF, Cline JM, Appt SE. Endocrine profile of an ovariectomized cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) with a supernumerary ovary. Comp Med. 2011;61(5):462-466.

Wood CE, Kaplan JR, Fontenot MB, Williams JK, Cline JM. Endometrial profile of tamoxifen and low-dose estradiol combination therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16(3):946-956.

Shahryarinejad A, Gardner TR, Cline JM, Levine WN, Bunting HA, Brodman MD, Ascher-Walsh CJ, Scotti RJ, Vardy MD. Effect of hormone replacement and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) on the biomechanics and biochemistry of pelvic support ligaments in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;202(5):485.e1-9.

Chen BJ, Deoliveira D, Spasojevic I, Sempowski GD, Jiang C, Owzar K, Wang X, Cline JM, Bourland JD, Dugan G, et al. Growth hormone mitigates against lethal irradiation and enhances hematologic and immune recovery in mice and nonhuman primates. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(6):e11056.

Yu W, Cline M, Maxwell LG, Berrigan D, Rodriguez G, Warri A, Hilakivi-Clarke L. Dietary vitamin D exposure prevents obesity-induced increase in endometrial cancer in Pten+/- mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila Pa). 2010;3(10):1246-1258.

Steude JS, Maskarinec G, Erber E, Verheus M, Hernandez BY, Killeen J, Cline JM. Mammographic density and matrix metalloproteinases in breast tissue. Cancer Microenviron. 2010;3(1):57-65.

Chandra SA, Cline JM, Adler RR. Cyclic morphological changes in the beagle mammary gland. Toxicol Pathol. 2010;38(6):969-983.

Ethun KF, Wood CE, Appt SE, Cline JM, Chen H, Clarkson TB. Effects of combination therapy with bazedoxifene and conjugated equine estrogens on the endometrial and vaginal epithelium of surgically postmenopausal monkeys [abstract]. Endocr Rev. 2010;31(3 Suppl 1):S1303.

Hofling M, Ma L, Sahlin L, Haglund C, Nording S, von Schoultz B, Cline JM. Expression of the androgen receptor and syndecan-1 in breast tissue during different hormonal treatments in cynomolgus monkeys. Climacteric. 2009;12(1):72-79.

Wood CE, Register TC, Cline JM. Transcriptional profiles of progestogen effects in the postmenopausal breast. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009;114(2):233-242.

Wood CE, Cline M. Interactive effects of low-dose estradiol and tamoxifen on the postmenopausal primate endometrium and mammary gland [abstract]. Cancer Res. 2009;69(2 Suppl):219S.

Hilakivi-Clarke L, Yu W, Cline M, Rodriguez GC, Maxwell GL. Dietary vitamin D exposure reverses the effects of obesity-inducing high-fat diet on premalignant and malignant endometrial changes in Pten+/- mice [abstract]. Gynecol Oncol. 2009;112(2 Suppl 1):S14.

Muhammad FS, Goode AK, Kock ND, Arifin EA, Cline JM, Adams MR, Hoyer PB, Christian PJ, Isom S, Kaplan JR, Appt SE. Effects of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide on peripubertal and adult Sprague-Dawley rats: ovarian, clinical, and pathologic outcomes. Comp Med. 2009;59(1):46-59.

Wood CE, Lees CJ, Cline JM. Mammary gland and endometrial effects of testosterone in combination with oral estradiol and progesterone. Menopause. 2009;16(3):466-476.

Diez FR, Garrido AA, Sharma A, Luke CT, Stone JC, Dower NA, Cline JM, Lorenzo PS. RasGRP1 transgenic mice develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in response to skin wounding: potential role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Am J Pathol. 2009;175(1):392-399.

Wagner JD, Jorgensen MJ, Cline JM, Lees CJ, Franke AA, Zhang L, Ayers MR, Schultz C, Kaplan JR. Effects of soy vs. casein protein on body weight and glycemic control in female monkeys and their offspring. Am J Primatol. 2009;71(9):802-811.

Cline JM, Wood CE. Estrogen/isoflavone interactions in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Am J Primatol. 2009;71(9):722-731.

Buse E, Cline JM, de Rijk EPCT, Van Esch E, Vidal JD, Weinbauer GF, Wood CE. A monograph on female reproductive pathophysiology in macaques [editorial]. Toxicol Pathol. 2009;36(7 Suppl):5S-6S.

Hardisty JF, Anderson DC, Brodie S, Cline JM, Hahn FF, Kolenda-Roberts H, Lele SM, Lowenstine LJ. Histopathology of the urinary bladders of cynomolgus monkeys treated with PPAR agonists. Toxicol Pathol. 2009;36(6):769-776.

Kolenda-Roberts H, Anderson D, Brodie S, Cline JM, Hahn F, Hardisty J, Lele S, Lowenstine L. Diagnostic criteria for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist-induced urothelial lesions in cynomolgus monkeys [abstract]. Toxicol Pathol. 2009;37(1):150.

Kolenda-Roberts H, Anderson D, Brodie S, Cline JM, Hahn F, Hardisty J, Lele S, Lowenstine L. Guidance for histopathologic detection of endocrine disruption of the female reproductive system in the updated OECD 28-day oral toxicity study in rodents (TG 407) [abstract]. Toxicol Pathol. 2009;37(1):150-151.

Mohanan S, Wagner JD, Kock ND, Kavanagh K, Cline JM. Hepatic Mallory-Denk body formation in a streptozotocin-treated vervet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops) [abstract]. Toxicol Pathol. 2009;37(1):135-136.

Wood C, Hester J, Appt S, Cline M. Columnar cell lesions in the postmenopausal primate breast [abstract]. Toxicol Pathol. 2009;36(1):150-151.

Verheus M, Maskarinec G, Erber E, Steude JS, Killeen J, Hernandez BY, Cline JM. Mammographic density and epithelial histopathologic markers. BMC Cancer. 2009;9():art. 182.

Maskarinec G, Erber E, Verheus M, Hernandez BY, Killeen J, Cashin S, Cline JM. Soy consumption and histopathologic markers in breast tissue using tissue microarrays. Nutr Cancer. 2009;61(5):708-716.

Rodriguez GC, Rimel BJ, Watkin W, Turbov JM, Barry C, Du H, Maxwell GL, Cline JM. Progestin treatment induces apoptosis and modulates transforming growth factor-beta in the uterine endometrium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(3):578-584.

Edwards IJ, Sun H, Hu Y, Berquin IM, O'Flaherty JT, Cline JM, Rudel LL, Chen YQ. In vivo and in vitro regulation of syndecan 1 in prostate cells by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Biol Chem. 2008;283(26):18441-9.

Arifin E, Shively CA, Register TC, Cline JM. Polycystic ovary syndrome with endometrial hyperplasia in a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Vet Pathol. 2008;45(4):512-515.

Sikoski P, Trybus J, Cline JM, Muhammad FS, Eckhoff A, Tan J, Lockard M, Jolley T, Britt S, Kock ND. Cystic mammary adenocarcinoma associated with a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma in a New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Comp Med. 2008;58(3):297-300.

Wood CE, Hester JM, Appt SE, Geisinger KR, Cline JM. Estrogen effects on epithelial proliferation and benign proliferative lesions in the postmenopausal primate mammary gland. Lab Invest. 2008;88(9):938-948.

Cline JM, Botts S, Lees CJ, Brommage R. Effects of lasofoxifene on the uterus, vagina, and breast in ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;199(2):158.e1-e8.

Scott LM, Xu X, Veenstra TD, Tooze JA, Wood CE, Register TC, Kock ND, Cline JM. Past oral contraceptive use and current dietary soy isoflavones influence estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(10):2594-2602.

Wood C, Cline M. Re: Conjugated equine estrogen and risk of benign proliferative breast disease: a randomized controlled trial [letter]. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100(18):1335.

Wood CE, Clarkson TB, Chen H, Veenstra TD, Xu X, Scott L, Cline JM. Comparative effects of oral conjugated equine estrogens and micronized 17 beta-estradiol on breast proliferation: a retrospective analysis. Menopause. 2008;15(5):890-898.

Scott LM, Durant P, Leone-Kabler S, Wood CE, Register TC, Townsend A, Cline JM. Effects of prior oral contraceptive use and soy isoflavonoids on estrogen-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2008;112(4-5):179-185.

Lees CJ, Cline M. Effects of diet and menstrual cyclicity on bone mass accumulation in pubertal monkeys [abstract]. J Bone Miner Res. 2008;23(Suppl):S502.

Ma L, Hofling M, Masironi B, von Schoultz B, Cline JM, Sahlin L. Effects of tibolone and conventional HRT on the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the breast. Maturitas. 2008;61(4):345-349.

Weinbauer GF, Niehoff M, Niehaus M, Srivastav S, Fuchs A, Van Esch E, Cline JM. Physiology and endocrinology of the ovarian cycle in macaques. Toxicol Pathol. 2008;36(7 Suppl):7S-23S.

van Esch E, Cline JM, Buse E, Weinbauer GF. The macaque endometrium, with special reference to the cynomolgus monkey {Macaca fascicularis). Toxicol Pathol. 2008;36(7 Suppl):67S-100S.

van Esch E, de Rijk EPCT, Buse E, Zoller M, Cline JM. Recommendations for routine sampling, trimming, and paraffin-embedding of female reproductive organs, mammary gland, and placenta in the cynomolgus monkey. Toxicol Pathol. 2008;36(7 Suppl):164S-170S.

Van Esch E, Cline JM, Buse E, Wood CE, de Rijk EPCT, Weinbauer GF. Summary comparison of female reproductive system in human and the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Toxicol Pathol. 2008;36(7 Suppl):171S-172S.

Cline JM, Wood CE. The mammary glands of macaques. Toxicol Pathol. 2008;36(7 Suppl):130S-141S.

Cline JM, Wood CE, Vidal JD, Tarara RP, Buse E, Weinbauer GF, de Rijk EPCT, van Esch E. Selected background findings and interpretation of common lesions in the female reproductive system in macaques. Toxicol Pathol. 2008;36(7 Suppl):142S-163S.

Zabalawi M, Bharadwaj M, Horton H, Cline M, Willingham M, Thomas MJ, Sorci-Thomas MG. Inflammation and skin cholesterol in LDLr-/-, apoA-I-/- mice: link between cholesterol homeostasis and self-tolerance?. J Lipid Res. 2007;48(1):52-65.

Sikoski P, Register TC, Lees CJ, Lundeen S, Hutchison J, Brown KH, Cline JM. Effects of two novel selective estrogen receptor modulators, raloxifene, tamoxifen, and ethinyl estradiol on the uterus, vagina and breast in ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;196(1):75.e1-7.

Wood CE, Register TC, Lees CJ, Chen H, Kimrey S, Cline JM. Effects of estradiol with micronized progesterone or medroxyprogesterone acetate on risk markers for breast cancer in postmenopausal monkeys. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007;101(2):125-134.

Menon J, Soto-Pantoja DR, Callahan MF, Cline JM, Ferrario CM, Tallant EA, Gallagher PE. Angiotensin-(1-7) inhibits growth of human lung adenocarcinoma xenografts in nude mice through a reduction in cyclooxygenase-2. Cancer Res. 2007;67(6):2809-2815.

Rodriguez GC, Rimel BJ, Barry C, Turboy J, Hurteau J, Kirschner C, Allard J, Maxwell GL, Cline M. Progestin induces apoptosis and modulates transforming growth factor beta in the endometrium: toward a mechanism for chemoprevention [abstract]. Gynecol Oncol. 2007;104(3 Suppl):S28-S29.

Perry DL, Spedick JM, McCoy TP, Adams MR, Franke AA, Cline JM. Dietary soy protein containing isoflavonoids does not adversely affect the reproductive tract of male cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). J Nutr. 2007;137(6):1390-1394.

Cline JM, Wood CE. Estrogen/isoflavone interactions in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) [abstract]. Am J Primatol. 2007;69(Suppl 1):70.

Wood CE, Chen Z, Cline JM, Miller BE, Burk RD. A macaque model for cervical cancer [abstract]. Am J Primatol. 2007;69(Suppl 1):70.

Cline JM. Assessing the mammary gland of nonhuman primates: effects of endogenous hormones and exogenous hormonal agents and growth factors. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2007;80(2):126-146.

Cline JM. Tibolone: example of qualitative and quantitative assessments of the mammary gland. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2007;80(2):147-148.

Wood CE, Chen Z, Cline JM, Miller BE, Burk RD. Characterization and experimental transmission of an oncogenic papillomavirus in female macaques. J Virol. 2007;81(12):6339-6345.

Wood CE, Register TC, Cline JM. Soy isoflavonoid effects on endogenous estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal female monkeys. Carcinogenesis. 2007;28(4):801-808.

Trybus J, Bain FT, Fikes JD, Carlson CS, O'Sullivan MG, Jayo MJ, Cline JM. Uterine infarctions in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Vet Pathol. 2007;44(3):309-311.

Berquin IM, Min Y, Wu R, Wu J, Perry D, Cline JM, Thomas MJ, Thornburg T, Kulik G, Edwards IJ, D'Agostino R Jr, Chen YQ, et al. Modulation of prostate cancer genetic risk by omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(7):1866-1875.

Wood CE, Sitruk-Ware RL, Tsong Y-Y, Register TC, Lees CJ, Cline JM. Effects of estradiol with oral or intravaginal progesterone on risk markers for breast cancer in a postmenopausal monkey model. Menopause. 2007;14(4):639-647.

Appt SE, Kaplan JR, Clarkson TB, Hoyer PB, Arifin E, Cline M, Isom S. Intramuscular administration of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) destroys primordial follicles in adult Sprague Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) [abstract]. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2007;46(4):133-134.

Sikoski P, Trybus J, Kock ND, Muhammad F, Eckhoff A, Tan J, Lockard M, Jolley T, Britt S, Cline J. Cystic mammary adenocarcinoma associated with a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma in a New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) [abstract]. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2007;46(4):105.

Wood CE, Hester JM, Cline JM. Mammary gland development in early pubertal female macaques. Toxicol Pathol. 2007;35(6):795-805.

Cheng C-P, Masutani S, Cheng H-J, Cross M, Zhang C-X, Zhou P, Cann J, Cline JM, Little WC, Kuo S-R, et al. Progressive left ventricle, myocyte dysfunction, and heart failure in the lethality of anthrax toxin in conscious dogs [abstract]. Circulation. 2007;116(16 Suppl II):II-758.

Shively CA, Wood CE, Register TC, Willard SL, Lees CJ, Chen H, Sitruk-Ware RL, Tsong Y-Y, Cline JM. Hormone therapy effects on social behavior and activity levels of surgically postmenopausal cynomolgus monkeys. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2007;32(8-10):981-990.

Luke CT, Oki-Idouchi CE, Cline JM, Lorenzo PS. RasGRP1 overexpression in the epidermis of transgenic mice contributes to tumor progression during multistage skin carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2007;67(21):10190-97.

Stute P, Wood CE, Register TC, Lees CJ, Kiesel L, Sieberns K, Cline MJ [sic] [Cline JM]. Life stage differences in mammary gland gene expression profile [abstract]. Menopause. 2007;14(6):1081.

Wood CE, Lees CJ, Cline M. Effects of testosterone therapy in combination with oral estradiol and progesterone on breast proliferation and serum lipids in a postmenopausal primate model [abstract]. Menopause. 2007;14(6):1108.

Remick AK, Wood CE, Cann JA, Gee MK, Feiste EA, Kock ND, Cline JM. Histologic and immunohistochemical characterization of spontaneous pituitary adenomas in fourteen cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Vet Pathol. 2006;43(4):484-493.

Wood CE, Usborne AL, Starost MF, Tarara RP, Hill LR, Wilkinson LM, Geisinger KR, Feiste EA, Cline JM. Hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions of the mammary gland in macaques. Vet Pathol. 2006;43(4):471-483.

Cline JM, Wood CE. Hormonal effects on the mammary gland of postmenopausal nonhuman primates. Breast Dis. 2006;24(1):59-70.

Appt SE, Kaplan JR, Clarkson TR, Cline JM, Christian PJ, Hoyer PB. Destruction of primordial ovarian follicles in adult cynomolgus macaques after exposure to 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide: a nonhuman primate model of the menopausal transition. Fertil Steril. 2006;86(4 Suppl 1):1210-1216.

Wood CE, Appt SE, Clarkson TB, Franke AA, Lees CJ, Doerge DR, Cline JM. Effects of high-dose soy lsoflavones and equol on reproductive tissues in female cynomolgus monkeys. Biol Reprod. 2006;75(3):477-486.

Wood CE, Clarkson TB, Appt SE, Franke AA, Boue SM, Burow ME, McCoy T, Cline JM. Effects of soybean glyceollins and estradiol in postmenopausal female monkeys. Nutr Cancer. 2006;56(1):74-81.

Appt SE, Wood CE, Parker RC, Cline JM, Kaplan JR. Androgen production in the cynomolgus monkey ovary [abstract]. Menopause. 2006;13(6):989.