Diagnosis of ALS

There is no single test used to establish a diagnosis of ALS. However, specially selected tests are performed to rule out other diseases.

Neurological Examination

In a neurological examination, the physician tests muscle strength, reflexes, sensation, walking, speech, swallowing and other functions. Certain abnormalities are frequently found in patients with ALS:

• Brisk reflexes
• Stiff arms and legs
• Uninhibited laughing or crying
• Wasting of muscles
• Weakness
• Muscle twitching
• Cramps
  

Electromyography (EMG)

Electromyography (EMG) involves a  needle being placed into a muscle to evaluate its function.

Nerve Conduction Studies

In nerve conduction studies, integrity of nerves is examined through electrical stimulation.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a special type of x-ray images the brain or spinal cord.

Blood Studies

Blood is drawn and evaluated to eliminate other diseases which mimic ALS.

Nerve and/or Muscle Biopsy

For a nerve or muscle biopsy, sample of a nerve or muscle is removed for pathological analysis. This procedure is rarely required to establish the diagnosis of ALS.