Exercise Intolerance in the Elderly with Diastolic Heart Failure, renamed Pharmacological Intervention in the Elderly (PIE)
Long Name: Exercise Intolerance in the Elderly with Diastolic Heart Failure, renamed Pharmacological Intervention in the Elderly (PIE)
PIE is a completed randomized controlled blinded trial of 12 months of standard ACE inhibitor (enalapril) in elderly patients (mean age 70 years) with chronic heart failure and preserved systolic function. The primary outcome was physical performance, assess by formal staged exercise ergometry test with expired gas analysis for peak VO2, as well as 6 minute walk, and SPPB. The main secondary outcome was quality of life. Mechanistic maeausres were Doppler-Echocardiogram and cardiac MRI for measures of cardiac anatomy and function and vascular stiffness. Body composition was assessed by DEXA. Blood was stored. The primary outcome was reported in Circulation Heart Failure 2010, Kitzman et al.